Explanation in Hindi: इन वाक्यों के अंत में ता है /ते हैं /ती है /ता हूँ आता है।
जैसे: राम जाता है। वे खेलने जाते हैं। सीता पढने जाती है।
If Sub= I, You, or Plural(बहुवचन) Then:
1. Sub+Verb 1st form [ मैं खेलने जाता हूँ । – I go to play. ]
2. Sub+don’t+Verb 1st form [ तुम खेलने नहीं जाते हो । – You don’t go to play. ]
3. How+do+Sub+Verb 1st form [तुम खेलने कैसे जाते हो । – How do you go to play?]
4. Why+don’t+Sub+Verb 1st form [तुम खेलने क्यों नहीं जाते हो । – Why don’t you go to play?]
Speaking in Stress or loudly: Sub+do+Verb 1st form [ वे बाजार जाते हैं! – They do go to market.]
Sentence using Never : Sub+never+Verb 1st form [ वे खेलने कभी नहीं जाते हैं। – They never go to play.]
If Sub=Singular(एकवचन) Then:
1. Sub+Verb 1st form+s/es [राम बाजार जाता है। – Ram goes to market.]
2. Sub+doesn’t+Verb 1st form [वह खेलने नहीं जाता है। – He doesn’t go to play.]
3. How+does+Sub+Verb 1st form [राम बाजार कैसे जाता है। – How does Ram go to market?]
4. Why+doesn’t+Sub+Verb 1st form [राम बाजार क्यों नहीं जाता है। – Why doesn’t Ram go to market? ]
Speaking in Stress or loudly: Sub+does+Verb 1st form [राम बाजार जाता है! – Ram does go to market.]
Sentence using Never: Sub+never+Verb 1st form+s/es [वह खेलने कभी नहीं जाता है। – He never go to play.]
Simple Present Tense Explanation in English:
This tense used to refer to an action or event that takes place habitually. On the other hand to remark habits, general realities, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions and wishes.
The simple present tense is the tense which is used to express an action which takes place in present time. In most cases, it is an action that occurs regularly. Why is it referred to as ”simple”? This is due to the fact that it occurs as a single word such as go or goes.
Where it can be used?
1. To express truths in present time or statements which are true at all times: Below are some examples:
(i). The sun rises in the east. It is common knowledge and true that the sun usually rises in the east. Since it is in third person, an -s is added to the verb.
(ii). Sydney is the capital city of Australia.In this situation, ”is” is a verb in the sentence. It is the simple present tense.
2. To show an action that happens regularly- This is mostly in terms of habits:
(i). He goes on a trip every weekend. The present tense ”goes” shows that on each and every weekend, the person goes on a trip.
3. Also used to express an action in the future. How?
You may wonder. Well, when talking about future planned events or schedules like:
(i). My flight departs tomorrow at noon.
(ii) The exam begins at the end of the semester.
4. Used in conditional statements:
(i). If he fails this test, he won’t proceed.
5. Used to express permanent situations which are less likely to change:
(i). He doesn’t eat Mexican food.
3 Forms of Simple Present Tense:
1. Interrogative, 2. Negative and 3. Positive forms.
Interrogative Form:
For this form of the simple present, the sentence is started off with the auxiliary verb ”Do” except in situations where the subject is in third person singular, where an ”es” is added to the verb.
For example:
(i). Does he go to school?
(ii). Do you love her?
Positive Form: In this form, the base form of a verb is used except in third person singular where an ”s” is added to the main verb.
(i). He goes to school.
(ii). He loves her.
Negative Form: In this form, the auxiliary verb ”Do” is used except in third person singular where ”Does” is used. In both cases the word ”not” is combined with the auxiliary verb.
(i). He does not go to school.
(ii). He does not love her.
More Examples:
- Affirmative:
- मैं प्रतिदिन खाना खाता हूँ।
I eat food every day. - नदियाँ समुद्र में बहती हैं।
Rivers fall into the sea. - तुम सब बुरा खेलते हो।
You all play bad. - सोनू गंगा नदी के पास रहता है।
Sonu lives beside tha Ganga river. - मेरी माँ रोज मंदिर जाती हैं।
My mother goes to temple daily. - वह प्रतिदिन सुबह दौड़ के लिए जाता हैं।
He go for a morning walk daily. - रमेश फूटबोल खेलता है।
Ramesh plays footbol. - रामू फसल बोता है।
Ramu shows crop. - तुम नींद में चलते हो।
You walk in your sleep. - I play cricket.
- You sing songs.
- She likes you very much.
- They come here daily.
- We read this newspaper.
- मैं प्रतिदिन खाना खाता हूँ।
- Negative:
- तुम सवाल नहीं जानते।
You do not know tha question. - वह कभी शतरंज खेलना नहीं भूलता।
He never forgets to play chess. - सांप बिल नहीं बनाते। वे दूसरे कीड़ों द्वारा बनाए गए बिलों में रहते हैं।
Snakes do not make holes. They live in the holes made by other creatures. - हमारे अध्यापक बहुत तेजी से बोलते हैं इसलिए बहुत से विद्यार्थी उन्हें समझ नहीं पाते।
Our teacher speaks so quickly that most of students do not understand him. - मोहन यह काम नहीं करता।
Mohan does not do this work. - राधा संतरे नहीं खाती।
Radha does not eat oranges. - वे तुम पर विश्वास नहीं करते।
They do not believe you. - किशोर गीता से प्रेम नहीं करता।
Kishor does not love Geeta. - You do not help him.
- She does not speak French.
- The people do not know the truth.
- I do not appreciate this.
- My brother does not like coffee.
- तुम सवाल नहीं जानते।
- Interrogative:
- क्या तुम उससे प्यार करते हो? नहीं, मुझे सिर्फ उसका स्वभाव पसंद है।
Do you love her? No, I only like her manners. - क्या तुम जानते हो की पानी क्यों उबलता है जब हम उसे गरम करते हैं?
Do you know why water boils when we heat it? - क्या वह प्रतिदिन गरम पानी में स्नान करती है?
Does she take bath in hot water every day? - क्या घंटी 10:33 बजे बजती है?
Does the bell ring at 10:33. - क्या आपको सर्दी लगती है?
Do you feel cold? - क्या लड़कियां पानी में तैरती हैं?
Do girls swim in water? - क्या वे वहां पर ताजा फल नहीं बेचते?
Do they not sell fresh fruit there? - क्या वह सारा पैसा कपड़ों पर व्यय नहीं करता?
Does he not spend all his money on clothes? - Do you live in America?
- Does she play guitar?
- Do they not reach office on time?
- What do you know about this?
- Why does she not marry you?
- क्या तुम उससे प्यार करते हो? नहीं, मुझे सिर्फ उसका स्वभाव पसंद है।
Exercise for practice :
1. वह हमेशा सच बोलता है।
2. हम आपस में कभी नहीं लड़ते।
3. कोयल अपना घोंसला स्वंय नहीं बनाती।
4. क्या बतखें बड़े अंडे नहीं देती हैं।
5. क्या बिल्लियाँ भौंकती हैं?
6. राम रात के समय पढ़ता है।
7. वह मुझसे सहमत तो है।
8. सुशमा रात में आराम नहीं करती।
9. कई लोग कठिनाईयों से संघर्ष करने का प्रयत्न नहीं करते।
10. क्या आप मंगलवार को मंदिर में पूजा करते हैं।